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在以中国人称目前生活正常物价稳定,新外研版2019高中英语选择性必修三U3 War and Peac..

  • 更新日期:2025-06-20
  • 查看次数:2

短语

1.come up with 提出,想出

2. be made up of 由...组成、构成

3. free..from 免于,使……摆脱,不受……影响

4. nothing less than 简直

5. prepare for 为……准备

6. meet up with 会见,偶遇;符合标准

7. have full confidence in 对..充满信心

8. devotion to duty 忠于职守

9. make it 渡过难关/获得成功

10. in between 在...之间

11. play an increasing important role in 在..扮演日益重要的角色

12. refer to ...as 把..称作

13. be occupied by 被..占领

14. a shortage of 缺少

15. It is no wonder that .. ……不足为奇/并不奇怪

16. throughout history 纵观历史

17. lay the foundation for..为……打下了基础

18. driven by a sense of commitment 被奉献精神驱动着

19. serve as 担任、充当、起..作用

句式

1. This marked one of the final stages of a top-secret operation that had been months, perhaps years, in the planning.这标志着一场计划了数月,甚至可能是数年的绝密行动终于进入了最后阶段。

2. China is playing an increasingly important role in UN peacekeeping and it has trained 8,000 troops who are kept on standby for UN missions.中国正在联合国维和行动中扮演着越发重要的角色,并训练了8000名随时为联合国行动待命的士兵。

3. Code-named “Operation Overlord”, it was the largest combined sea, air and land operation in history, the aim being to free north-west Europe from German occupation.作战行动代号为“霸王行动”,它是历史上规模最大的海陆空三方力量集结的行动,目的是解放德国占领的欧洲西北部地区。

4. It has become the crowning glory of China’s modern universities, not only because of its prominent professors and talented students, but also because of the school’s strong spirit of perseverance and dedication.它已经成为了中国现代大学的最高荣耀,这不仅仅是因为那些杰出的教授和才华横溢的学生,也因为联大坚韧不拔和勇于奉献的精神。

5. It is no wonder that many, if not most, of China’s leading scholars and scientists emerged at Lianda, including the two Nobel Prize-winning physicists, Yang Zhenning and Li Zhengdao.难怪即使不是大多数,但也有许多中国领先的学者和科学家都是联大出身,包括两位诺贝尔奖得主,物理学家杨振宁和李政道。

6. These measures aim to give stability to conflict zones and allow governments to reestablish authority.这些措施旨在给冲突地区带来稳定,并让政府重建权威。

语法-主谓一致

一、概念:主谓一致,即谓语动词和主语在人称和数上必须一致

主谓一致的原则主要有三个:语法一致、意义一致、就近一致

1. 语法一致:即主语为单数形式时,谓语动词使用单数形式;主语为复数形式时,谓语动词使用复数形式。

eg. Tom is a good student. (汤姆是个好学生)

We often play football on the playground.

2. 意义一致:指的是谓语动词的单复数取决于主语所表达的具体意义,而不取决于表面上的形式。

eg. My family are having lunch now. (我们一家人现在正在吃午饭)

强调的是家庭成员,看作复数

Twenty dollars is too expensive for the book. (这本书20美元太贵了)

3. 就近一致:指的是主语由两个或两个以上的名词或代词构成,谓语动词的单复数形式与紧邻的名词或代词保持一致。

eg. There is a pen and some books on the desk. (课桌上有一支钢笔和一些书)

Not only the teacher but also his students like playing football.

Not only has she been late three times,she has also done no work. (她不仅迟到了三次,她还没干一点活)

注:not only…but also…连接两个并列句,并且用于句首时,前一个句子要用部分倒装。

二、谓语动词用单数的情况

1. 单数名词(代词),不可数名词作主语时,谓语动词要用单数形式。

eg. Some water is in the table. (瓶子里有一些水)

A ball is on the floor. (地上有个球)

2. many a 单数名词做主语,意为“许多”,但谓语动词要用单数形式。

eg. Many a student has been to Shanghai. (许多学生去过上海)

3. more than one 单数名词做主语,意为“不止一个”,谓语动词用单数形式。

eg. More than one student has ever been to Beijing. (不止一个学生去过北京)

4. 表示时间、价格、重量、数目、长度、数字运算等的词或短语通常作一个整体,做主语时,谓语动词用单数形式。

eg. Two months is a long holiday. (两个月是一个长假)

Three thousand dollars is quite a lot of money for a boy. (对于一个男孩来说,三千美元是相当大的一笔钱)

5. 主语是each/every 单数名词 and(each/every) 单数名词时,谓语动词用单数形式。

eg. Each boy and each girl has got a seat. (每个男孩和女孩都有座位)

6. one and a half 复数名词做主语,谓语动词用单数形式。

eg. One and a half hours is enough. (一个半小时足够了)

7. 单个动词不定式,动名词作主语时,谓语动词用单数形式。

eg. To see is to believe. (眼见为实)

Doing eye exercises is good for your eyes. (做眼保健操对你的眼睛有益)

8. a/an 单数名词 or two作主语,谓语动词用单数形式。

eg. A student or two has failed the exam. (一两个学生考试不及格)

9. 不定代词somebody、anything、everyone、nobody、no one等作主语,谓语动词用单数形式。

eg. Is everyone here today?(今天大家到齐了么?)

Something is wrong with him. (他有点儿不对劲)

10. each、either、neither、one、another、the other作主语或后跟单数名词作主谓,谓语动词用单数形式。

eg. Each of them has an English dictionary. (他们每个人都有一本英语词典)

11. 以-s结尾的名词本身不表示复数意义,谓语通常用单数形式,如news、maths、physics等。

eg. Physics is one of my favorite subjects. (物理是我最喜欢的学科之一)

注:one of… n结构中,n要用复数形式,表示“……之一”

三、谓语动词用复数的情况

1. 复数名词(代词)作主语,谓语动词用复数形式。

eg. The students are playing football on the playground.

2. people、police、cattle等集体名词作主语,谓语动词用复数形式。

eg. Police were very shocked by the robbery. (警察对那起抢劫感到非常震惊)

3. “the adj/done”作主语,表示一类人时,谓语动词用复数形式。

eg. The sick here are well cared for. (这里的病人都被照顾得很好)

4. “the 姓氏的复数”表示“某某夫妇或一家人”,作主语时,谓语动词用复数形式。

eg. The Greens are having lunch now. (格林一家现在正在吃饭)

5. “both…and…”连接并列主语,谓语动词用复数形式。

eg. Both New York and London have traffic problems. (纽约和伦敦都存在交通问题)

四、其他情况

1. and连接并列主语时,谓语动词常用复数,但是and连接的并列主语指同一人或同一物时,谓语动词使用单数。

eg. The bread and butter is served for breakfast. (早饭供应黄油面包)

The bread and butter are on sale. (黄油和面包正在出售)

2. “A but/besides/except/including/like/with/along with/as well as/rather than/such as/together with B”作主语时,谓语动词单复数和A保持一致。

eg. Mike with his father has been to England. (迈克同他的父亲去过英格兰)

I as well as they am ready to help you. (不仅他们,我也愿意帮助你)

3. the number of 复数名词 单数谓语

a (good/large) number of 复数名词 复数谓语

eg. The number of the students is over eight hundred. (学生人数超过八百)

A number of teachers are present today,and the number of them is 500. (许多教师今天出席了,有500人)

4. chopsticks、glasses、shoes、socks、stockings、trousers、boots等,若此表示由两个相同部分组成的一个整体的物品的名词作主语,谓语动词用复数,如类名词被“a kind/ pair /suit of”修饰,谓语动词的单复数与pair、suit的数保持一致。

eg. The scissors are on the shelf next to the cupboard. (剪刀在橱柜旁边的架子上)

A pair of glasses costs quite a lot these days.

5. 当“not only…but also…/not…but…/either…or…/neither…nor…”等连接并列主语时,以及在there be句型中,谓语动词的单复数形式采用“就近一致”原则

eg. Neither Jack nor I have seen this film. (杰克和我都没看过这部电影)

Either you or he is to attend the meeting now.

6. 某些集体名词,如class、club、family、team、group等,作为一个整体看待,谓语动词用单数形式,如果指其中的成员,谓语动词用复数形式。

eg. The company has grown rapidly in the last five years. (这家公司五年来迅速发展壮大)

The family are celebrating Thanksgiving in this picture. (在这张照片里,这家人正在庆祝感恩节)

7. plenty of、half of、a lot of、lots of、loads of等 可数或不可数名词作主语时,不可数名词的谓语用单数,可数名词谓语,视可数名词单复数而定。

eg. There is plenty of water in the bucket.

There are plenty of eggs in the box.

8. a large quantity/amount of 不可数名词/可数名词作主语,谓语动词的单复数与quantity和amount的单复数保持一致

eg. Quntities of money are needed to equip the school. (学校安装设备需要很多钱)

A large quantity of storybooks has been bought for the children. (已经为孩子们买了大量的故事书)